Imikhiqizo
Isebenza ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizeni utshwala be-propargyl, i-1,4 butynediol kanye ne-3-chloropropyne
Inqubo yokukhiqiza utshwala be-Propargyl kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemakethe
Izakhiwo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-2 propargyl alcohol
2.1 Umsebenzi osezingeni eliphezulu nokusabalalisa
I-propargyl alcohol ine-polarity eqinile kanye ne-hydrophilicity, ngoba iqukethe -OH, futhi i-hydrophobicity ingenxa yokuthi iqukethe iqembu le-hydrocarbon, ngoba lezi zakhiwo zenza utshwala be-propargyl njenge-surfactant engeyona i-ionic, ebonisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, nge-foaming ephansi ephansi, i-defoaming kanye nokumanzi.Ama-ejenti amaningi okumanzisa abhamuza kalula, kuyilapho iningi lamakhemikhali akhipha amagwebu linokumanzisa okungekuhle.Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-surfactants, i-alkyl alcohols inesisindo esincane samangqamuzana, ukusakazeka kalula, ukuhlakazeka okuhle, ukumanzisa okuhle kanye negwebu eliphansi.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-alkyl alcohols aqukethe amaqembu e-hydrocarbon base branched chain, ikakhulukazi amaqembu amancane (ngokuvamile i-methyl), kunamaqembu amabili e-polar esakhiweni.Ngenxa yalesi sakhiwo samakhemikhali, i-alkyl alcohols inokumanzisa okuhle.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaketanga anamagatsha e-alkyl ku-propargyl alcohol anganciphisa ukukhangana phakathi kwama-molecule angomakhelwane futhi akhe ifilimu yokwandisa ecindezelayo nephefumulayo emngceleni woketshezi lwegesi.Ngakho-ke, akugcini nje ukwenza i-foam ngokwayo, kodwa futhi inekhono elithile lokuqeda amagwebu, futhi ingaxubaniswa namanye ama-defoaming agents ukuze adlale indima enkulu.
2.2 Ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi okuhle kakhulu
Njengamanje, ama-metal corrosion inhibitors asetshenziswa emithonjeni ye-asidi ngokuvamile ayizinhlanganisela eziphilayo, ezinamandla okukhangisa endaweni yensimbi.Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-propargyl alcohol sihlanganisa amaqembu e-polar namaqembu angewona ama-polar.Kuyi-adsorbent ye-organic corrosion inhibitors.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izibopho zokuxhumanisa ezakheka phakathi kotshwala be-propargyl nama-athomu ensimbi zikhuthaza ukumenyezelwa kotshwala ngezinga elithile.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isibopho se-PI ku-molecule ye-alcohol ye-propargyl iyancipha, isibopho esiphindwe kathathu siyasebenza, futhi iqembu le-polar hydroxyl liseduze nesibopho se-acetylene, esithuthukisa ukukhangiswa.Ku-alkaline medium, utshwala be-proparynyl bungakhanga i-Langmuir ku-aluminium ehlanzekile, enomphumela omuhle wokuvimbela ukugqwala.I-propargyl alcohol ingenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuhle kakhulu, inokusetshenziswa okubanzi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi esetshenziswa emikhakheni yemithi, i-copper noma i-nickel plating polish, isibulala-zinambuzane esimaphakathi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshwala be-propargyl bungasetshenziswa futhi njenge-corrosion inhibitor yokushisa okuphezulu, ukucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-hydrochloric acid emafutheni nasegesi yemvelo Wells.
2.3 Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala be-propargyl
① Iziphakathi ezibalulekile ekuhlanganiseni kwe-organic: embonini yezemithi, i-proparynol iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-sodium fosfomycin, i-calcium fosfomycin, i-sulfadiazine, futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-alylal alcohol, i-acrylic, ivithamini A neminye imikhiqizo yemithi;② Isicwebezeli semboni ye-Electroplating: izinhlanganisela zotshwala be-propargyl zinokufana okuhle nokucwebezela, nokumelana nokukhanya okuhle ku-nickel plating.Ingabe isizukulwane sesine esikhanyayo se-nickel Plating, esisetshenziswa kabanzi embonini ye-electroplating;③ Isikhiphi sokugqwala esibalulekile: i-proparynyl utshwala nezinhlanganisela zayo ezingezansi zingavimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi, ithusi, i-nickel nezinye izinsimbi ngezinto ezine-asidi ezifana ne-acetic acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-sulfuric acid, i-hydrochloric acid;(4) Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-petroleum: izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukucindezela okuphezulu kanye nokuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-hydrochloric acid corrosion inhibitors yizingxenye eziyinhloko eziphumelelayo ze-acid corrosion inhibitors esebenza kahle kakhulu kuwoyela negesi Wells;⑤ ingasetshenziswa njenge-solvent, i-chlorinated hydrocarbon stabilizer, isikhunta nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza
Njengamanje, indlela esetshenziswa kakhulu yokulungiselela utshwala be-propargyl ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe ukusabela kwe-formaldehyde ne-acetylene ukukhiqiza utshwala be-propargyl ne-butynediol, okuyi-propargyl alcohol i-byproduct ye-butynediol.Ngokulungisa umthamo ophelele wokuthatha igesi ye-acetylene, uthuthukise ingcindezi yokusabela, unqume inani elingcono kakhulu le-pH, isilinganiso se-propargyl alcohol ne-butynediol singafinyelela ku-1:1.6, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhetha kotshwala be-propargyl.Inqubo: Faka i-copper oxygenated catalyst ethangini lokuvula, engeza amanzi athambisayo, ugovuze cishe imizuzu engama-20, bese uthela ingxube ye-catalyst namanzi ethangini elinyakazayo ngepompo.Amanzi athambile kanye ne-formaldehyde kwengezwa ethangini elinyakaziswayo ukuze kulungiswe isixazululo esinyakazisiwe esiqukethe i-6% ~ 10% ye-formaldehyde.Uketshezi olunyakazayo lwaphonswa ku-reactor ngepompo yokuphakelayo ye-plunger ngokwezinga lokugeleza elilinganisiwe, futhi i-compressor ye-acetylene yaqalwa ukulungisa izinga lokugeleza kwe-acetylene nokulawula isivinini sokuphendula.Izinga lokushisa elizenzakalelayo kanye nesistimu yokulawula ingcindezi ye-reactor yaqalwa ukuze kulawulwe izinga lokushisa le-reactor ku-90~130℃ kanye nokucindezela kokuthi (2.0±0.1) MPa.Isistimu yokusabela ijikeleza ngemva kokukhishwa, futhi ukukhishwa kubuyela ku-tank enyakazayo.Okuqukethwe kwe-formaldehyde kokubalulekile kutholwe ngemva kuka-0.5h.Lapho i-formaldehyde esele ingaphansi kuka-0.3%, umjikelezo wamiswa futhi isixazululo sokusabela saphonswa ethangini eliphakathi elinokuqukethwe kwe-propargyl ne-butanediol okungaba ngu-4% no-6%, ngokulandelana.I-catalyst ohlelweni lokukhiqiza idinga ukushintshwa njalo, futhi isikhathi sokushintshwa siyizinsuku ezingu-30 kuya kwezingu-40.I-nitrogen isetshenziswa kanye ne-catalyst ukuze kukhishwe izinto ohlelweni ngesikhathi sokushintsha.Ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa ngokuhlunga kwengcindezi, i-catalyst esele ifakwa ku-tank yokugcina ye-catalyst esetshenzisiwe futhi ivalwe ngamanzi.I-catalyst entsha ibhalwa emuva emjikelezweni olandelayo wesistimu yokuhlanganisa.
Ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe yotshwala ye-Propargyl
I-Dezhou Tianyu Chemical Co., Ltd. ingenye yemikhiqizo embalwa yasekhaya yotshwala be-propargyl kanye ne-butanediol yamabhizinisi amakhulu, umkhiqizo wonyaka we-propargyl alcohol 1200T, i-butanediol 2400T, kanye nekhwalithi ye-BASF yaseJalimane elinganayo.I-Henan Haiyuan Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. ithuthukise futhi yathuthukisa iphrojekthi ngesisekelo senqubo yokuqala yokukhiqiza ye-Shandong Dongfang Le, ngokukhishwa konyaka kwe-1200T propionyl alcohol kanye ne-2400T butanediol.E-China, i-proparynyl alcohol isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanganiseni izidakamizwa, i-sodium phosphate, i-calcium phosphate, i-sulfonamide nezibulala-zinambuzane, okubalelwa ku-60% yenani eliphelele.Ukufakwa kwe-nickel okusheshayo kanye ne-flash plating kubalwe u-17%.Ukukhiqizwa kwamafutha cishe ku-10%;Isabelo sensimbi cishe singamaphesenti angu-8;Ezinye izimboni zenza cishe u-5%.I-Propargyl alcohol iyikhemikhali enobuthi kakhulu ezwelayo ekukhiqizeni, ekukhangiseni nasekusetshenzisweni.Kuwumuthi ongezansi komfula, isibulala-zinambuzane, imidiya ye-metallurgical kanye neminye imikhakha yabasizi noma enye yezingxenye.Kusukela ekupheleni kuka-2017, umthamo wokukhiqiza wasekhaya ophumelelayo wawungu-4,770T /a, futhi isidingo sasimayelana ne-4,948T / a.Ukunikezwa kanye nesidingo ngokuyisisekelo kuyalingana, nokushoda kwezikhathi ezithile.
Kuphetha
Njengamanje, ukuncintisana kwemakethe yasekhaya ye-propanol kushubile, inkambu yawo enkulu yokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yochungechunge lwemikhiqizo ye-fosfomycin yemboni yezemithi, ngokuqondiswa kokusetshenziswa kabi kwama-antibiotic kanye nemboni ye-electroplating imizamo yokuvikela imvelo, abasebenzisi be-propanol ezansi nomfula esikhathini esifushane ngokuyisisekelo abazange bakhule.Njengamanje, sizama ukuthuthukisa inqubo entsha yokusabela, sithuthukisa njalo isivuno sotshwala be-propargyl, futhi silwela ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwemikhiqizo yotshwala be-propargyl.Ukuqaliswa kwale misebenzi kuzophinde kunciphise izindleko zemikhiqizo yotshwala benkohliso, kuthuthukise ukuncintisana kwemikhiqizo, futhi kulwele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle zotshwala obuyinkohliso nochungechunge lwemikhiqizo, ukuze kwakhiwe izinzuzo ezengeziwe zezomnotho nezenhlalo.
